Species are groups of organisms that can potentially interbreed to produce fertile offspring.

• Define species according to the biological species concept.

• Describe limitations of the biological species concept.

Initial Knowledge Audit (ICI)

• For students

• For teachers

Intro to species activity (ICTD)

What is a species notes (OCI)

What is a species diagram (ICTD)

What is a species?  (A&B)

What is a species?  (A&B)

• Questions for students

• Questions for teachers

The Species and Specious  (A&B)

• Questions for students

• Questions for teachers

Speciation due to divergence of isolated populations can be gradual. 

• Describe the process of gradual speciation. 

Speciation is the process by which new species are formed from a common ancestor. 

• Define speciation.

Populations of a species can gradually diverge into separate species by evolution (5.1.U5)

Speciation due to divergence of isolated populations can be gradual (10.3.U4)

Intro to Speciation notes (ICI)

Species in the Making (A&B)

• Questions for students

• Questions for teachers

Speciation Telephone (ICTD)

Camanicules 

A Mutation Turned Ants Into Parasites in One Generation | Quanta Magazine

Speciation occurs when two populations of a species are isolated and evolve along different lines. 

• Define population.

• Define reproductive isolation. 

• Outline how reproductive isolation can lead to speciation.

Reproductive isolation of populations can be geographic, behavioral or temporal. 

• Compare allopatric and sympatric speciation.

• Explain temporal, behavioral and geographic isolation as mechanisms of speciation.

• Describe an example of temporal, behavioral and geographic reproductive isolation.

Members of a species may be reproductively isolated in separate populations (4.1.U2)

Reproductive Isolation notes (ICTD)

Reproductive isolation check for understanding (OCI)

• For students

• For teachers

Sympatric and allopatric speciation notes (OCI) 

Are you my species data nugget (PSOW)

Speciation in Galapagos Finches  (A&B)

• Hybrids evolution in action (ScitC)

Interspecies Hybrids Play a Vital Role in Evolution  (A&B)

MC1R and Speciation (A&B)

Speciation from Biological Sciences (A&B)

Sympatric Speciation in Cichlids (A&B)

Evolutionary Shocker (A&B)

Extreme Evolution (A&B)

Genetic struggles within cells may create new species (A&B)

Hybrids

(Not currently taught)

Infertile hybrids illustrate how reproductive isolation prevents mixing of alleles between populations which have evolved differences. 

• Define hybrid.

• State an example of an infertile hybrid.

• Explain how infertile hybrids illustrate reproductive isolation between populations.

Continuous variations across the geographical range of related populations matches the concept of gradual divergence.

• Explain how continuous variation across geographical ranges is evidence of gradual divergence.

• State an example of recognizably different populations of the same species across a geographical range.

Clines and ring species  as continuous variation across geographical ranges notes (OCI)

Types of Speciation Check for Understanding (OCI)

• For students

• For teachers

Speciation can occur abruptly via polyploidy. 

• Define polyploidy.

• Outline the cause of polyploidy.

• Explain how polyploidy can lead to speciation.

• List example species in the genus Allium (by common name).

Speciation can occur abruptly (10.3.U5)

Speciation in the genus Allium by polyploidy (10.3.A2)

Polyploidy notes (ICTD)

Utilization:  many crop species have been created by polyploidy.  Polyploidy increases allelic diversity and permits novel phenotypes to be generated.  It also leads to hybrid vigor.

A gene pool consists of all the genes and their different alleles presented in an interbreeding population.

• Define gene pool, gene and allele.

• Define interbreeding.

Allele frequencies can change over time, leading to an overall evolutionary change. 

• Calculate allele frequency from gene pool data. 

• Define evolution.

• State that change in the allele frequencies of a gene is evidence of evolution.

• Outline four factors that can cause evolutionary change.

A gene pool consists of all the genes, and their different alleles, present in an interbreeding population (10.3.U1).

Gene pools notes (ICTD)

Gene pools check for understanding

• For students

• For teachers

Scitable gene pool reading

About Nextstrain for CoV2 tracking

Tracking change in allele frequency in CoV2 (PSOW)

The Hardy-Weinberg theorem can be used to calculate allele frequencies in geographically isolated populations. 

• State the Hardy-Weinberg equations.

• List the conditions under which populations maintain Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

• Given data, calculate allele frequencies of genes in a gene pool.

• Use Hardy Weinberg to compare allele frequencies of two populations.

• Describe how variations in the allele frequencies of a gene may be evidence of speciation.

Hardy-Weinberg Theorem notes (ICTD)

Scitable Quantifying Gene pools

Hardy-Weinberg Check for Understanding

• For students

• For teachers

Extra practice with HW

Simulated Rock Pocket Mice populations (PSOW)

Chocolate Barnacles (PSOW)

Toothpick Fish Simulation (PSOW)

• Student directions

• Teacher directions

Gene variants double edged (A&B)

PopGen virtual simulation (PSOW)

PKU Case study

Kahoot Review

Quizizz Review

1-page summary

Final knowledge audit